# TalkToDia — full blog corpus (locale: uz)

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> Generated: 2026-05-11
> Posts included: 1

# Kattalar ham ravon gapira oladi: "kritik davr" afsonasi

URL: https://talktodia.com/uz/blog/adults-can-learn-languages-fluently
Canonical English: https://talktodia.com/en/blog/adults-can-learn-languages-fluently
Locale: uz (machine-translated, awaiting native review)
Published: 2026-05-10
Updated: 2026-05-10
Authors: TalkToDia Research
Tags: neuroscience, research, beginners
Available translations: en, fr, de, zh, ko, es, pt, ja, th, ru, fi, it, no, sv, hi, da, uk, ar, he, ms, ta, ml, ig, sw, nl, kk, fa, cs, pl, hu, mn, tl, tr, id, uz
Keywords: adult language learning, critical period hypothesis, too old to learn a language, adult brain plasticity, second language acquisition adults, hartshorne tenenbaum pinker, mit language study, late l2 immersion, hippocampus language learning, neuroplasticity bilingual, is it too late to learn a language, best age to learn a language

## Summary

MIT-ning 670 000 kishi ustida o'tkazgan tadqiqoti "kech bo'ldi" afsonasini puchga chiqaradi. Kattalar miyasi hamon plastik — yetishmayotgani biologiya emas, takrordir.

## Key facts

- Grammatika o'rganish qobiliyati taxminan 17,4 yoshgacha barqaror, 7 yoshgacha emas.
- Kattalar ko'pincha so'z boyligi va o'qishda bolalardan o'zib ketadi.
- Kech ikkinchi til immersiyasi miyaning oq moddasini va gippokamp hajmini sezilarli darajada oshiradi.
- Haqiqiy "kritik davr" — bu ijtimoiy bosim, miya biologiyasi emas.

## Headline (English canonical)

Adults Can Reach Fluency: The Critical Period Hypothesis Is a Myth

## Sources

- Hartshorne, Tenenbaum & Pinker (2018) — A critical period for second language acquisition (Hartshorne, J. K., Tenenbaum, J. B., & Pinker, S., 2018) — https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0010027718300994  [doi:10.1016/j.cognition.2018.04.007]
- Pliatsikas et al. (2017) — White matter changes from late L2 immersion (Pliatsikas, C., et al., 2017) — https://doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_01084  [doi:10.1162/jocn_a_01084]
- Mårtensson et al. (2012) — Growth of language-related brain areas after foreign language learning (Mårtensson, J., et al., 2012) — https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2012.06.043  [doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2012.06.043]

## Body

## Afsona: "Balog'atdan keyin juda kech"

Siz buni eshitgansiz. Balki o'qituvchidan, balki sayohatdan keyin qotib qolganingizda o'zingizdan ko'zguda. "Kritik davr" haqida xalq orasida shunday bir hikoya bor: kattalar miyasi til eshigini jismoniy jihatdan qulflab qo'ygan va kalit yo'qolgan. Bu hikoya millionlab qobiliyatli kattalarni o'z ravonligidan voz kechishga majbur qilgan.

Ehtiyotkorlik bilan olib borilgan tadqiqot versiyasi yanada qiziqroq. 2018-yilda MIT/Boston College tomonidan Hartshorne, Tenenbaum va Pinker tomonidan o'tkazilgan tadqiqot — til egallash bo'yicha to'plangan eng katta ma'lumotlar to'plami, **669,498 ingliz tilida ona tilida va ona tilida bo'lmagan so'zlashuvchilar** — grammatikani o'rganish qobiliyati taxminan **17.4 yoshgacha** ajablanarli darajada barqaror qolishini va keyin pasayishini aniqladi. Kech boshlaganlar yillar davomida o'sishda davom etishlari mumkin. Xuddi shu tadqiqot, shuningdek, taxminan 10–12 yoshdan keyin boshlagan o'quvchilar grammatika bo'yicha ona tili darajasiga kamdan-kam yetishini aniqladi. Demak: eshik ochiq; eng oxirgi qadam (tilda o'sgan odamdan farq qilmaslik) qiyinlashadigan qism. Bu farq muhim va ushbu postning qolgan qismi bu sizning uchun nimani anglatishi haqida.

## Afsona nima uchun tarqalishda davom etmoqda

Bolalar tillarni "osonlik bilan" o'rganadigandek ko'rinadi, chunki:

- Ular 10 yoshgacha **o'n minglab soatlik kirish ma'lumotlarini** oladilar (kattalar immersion o'quvchisi buning bir qismini oladi)
- Ular noto'g'ri gapirish uchun **nol ego xarajatiga** ega
- Ular kattalar kamdan-kam mos keladigan **tuzilgan muhitlarga** (maktab, oila, tengdoshlar) ega
- Ularning taraqqiyoti ravon kattalar bilan emas, balki boshqa bolalar bilan taqqoslanadi

Ushbu o'zgaruvchilarni nazorat qilganingizda, kattalar ko'pincha o'z o'rinlarini saqlab qoladilar va ba'zan lug'at, aniq grammatika va o'qishda bolalardan ustun turadilar (klassik tadqiqot uchun Snow & Hoefnagel-Höhle 1978 ga qarang; aksent va fleksion morfologiya bo'yicha kvalifikator uchun DeKeyser 2000 ga qarang).

## Kattalar miyasida nima o'zgaradi

Kattalar miyasi til o'rganganingizda o'lchanadigan darajada o'zgaradi. Plastiklik yo'qolmagan:

- Intensiv sharoitlarda yangi til o'rganayotgan kattalarda **gippokampal hajm** ortadi (Mårtensson et al. 2012, Shvetsiya harbiy tarjimonlari tadqiqoti; kichik namuna, qisman Stein et al. 2012 tomonidan takrorlangan).
- Kech L2 immersion bilan pastki uzunlamasına fasciculusdagi **oq modda yaxlitligi** yaxshilanadi (Pliatsikas et al. 2017).
- Nutqda ishtirok etadigan **motor-korteks va eshitish hududlari** yangi fonemalarni o'rganish bilan o'lchanadigan o'zgarishlarni ko'rsatadi (Golestani et al. 2007).

Plastiklik mavjud. Bolalikdan keyin o'zgaradigan narsa miyaning qayta ulanish qobiliyati emas; bu qayta ulanishni himoya qiladigan ijtimoiy bosim. Aksariyat kattalar qayg'uradigan haqiqiy "kritik davr" shu.

## Bu siz uchun nimani anglatadi

Agar sizga "juda keksiz" deb aytilgan bo'lsa yoki — ehtimol ko'proq — o'zingizga jimgina aytib kelgan bo'lsangiz, siz bunday emassiz. Sizga kerak bo'lgan narsa yana bir o'n yillik grammatika mashqlari emas. Bu **bolalar bepul oladigan narsani kichik miqyosda taqlid qiladigan muntazam nutq amaliyoti**: noto'g'ri so'zning narxi nolga teng bo'lgan past xavfli suhbat takrorlari. Kuniga yigirma daqiqa to'qson kun davomida sizni to'rt yillik o'rta maktabning har qanday narsasidan ko'ra uzoqroqqa olib boradi. Bu TalkToDia ortidagi dizayn printsipi.

Siz u yerda o'sgandek eshitilmaysiz. Hartshorne ma'lumotlari bu haqda halol: ona tiliga o'xshash grammatikaning eng oxirgi santimetri balog'atdan keyin haqiqatan ham qiyinroq. Siz mutlaqo erisha oladigan narsa — **ravon, xarizmatik va shubhasiz tushuniladigan** — chet elda yashash yoki chegara orqali sevishga imkon beradigan ravonlik. Siz doimo xohlagan narsa hech qanday biologik devorning noto'g'ri tomonida emas.

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